Citation

If you use HyGCS in your research, please cite the software and the relevant methodology papers.

Software Citation

BibTeX

@software{hygcs2025,
  author = {Jackisch, Conrad and Sanchez, Anita},
  title = {HyGCS: Hydro-Geochemical Classification Suite},
  year = {2025},
  version = {0.5.1},
  url = {https://github.com/cojacoo/HyGCS},
  doi = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18462821}
  license = {CC-BY-4.0}
}

Text

Jackisch, C. and Sanchez, A. (2025). HyGCS: Hydro-Geochemical Classification Suite (Version 0.5). https://github.com/cojacoo/HyGCS

Methodology Papers

Please also cite the original methodology papers for the methods you use:

HARP Method

@article{roberts2023harp,
  author = {Roberts, Melanie E. and others},
  title = {Hysteresis Analysis of Rising and falling Peaks (HARP)},
  journal = {Hydrological Processes},
  year = {2023}
}

Zuecco Index

@article{zuecco2016hysteresis,
  author = {Zuecco, G. and Penna, D. and Borga, M. and van Meerveld, H.J.},
  title = {A versatile index to characterize hysteresis between hydrological
           variables at the runoff event timescale},
  journal = {Hydrological Processes},
  volume = {30},
  number = {9},
  pages = {1449--1466},
  year = {2016},
  doi = {10.1002/hyp.10681}
}

Lloyd/Lawler Methods

Lloyd et al. (2016) - HInew method:

@article{lloyd2016using,
  author = {Lloyd, C.E.M. and Freer, J.E. and Johnes, P.J. and Collins, A.L.},
  title = {Using hysteresis analysis of high-resolution water quality monitoring
           data, including uncertainty, to infer controls on nutrient and sediment
           transfer in catchments},
  journal = {Hydrology and Earth System Sciences},
  volume = {20},
  pages = {2705--2719},
  year = {2016},
  doi = {10.5194/hess-20-2705-2016}
}

Lawler et al. (2006) - Original HIL method:

@article{lawler2006turbidity,
  author = {Lawler, D.M. and Petts, G.E. and Foster, I.D.L. and Harper, S.},
  title = {Turbidity dynamics during spring storm events in an urban headwater
           river system: The Upper Tame, West Midlands, UK},
  journal = {Science of the Total Environment},
  volume = {360},
  pages = {109--126},
  year = {2006},
  doi = {10.1016/j.scitotenv.2005.08.032}
}

CVc/CVq Framework

@article{musolff2015catchment,
  author = {Musolff, A. and Schmidt, C. and Selle, B. and Fleckenstein, J.H.},
  title = {Catchment controls on solute export},
  journal = {Advances in Water Resources},
  volume = {86},
  pages = {133--146},
  year = {2015},
  doi = {10.1016/j.advwatres.2015.09.026}
}

C-Q Relationships

@article{thompson2011comparative,
  author = {Thompson, S.E. and others},
  title = {Comparative hydrology across AmeriFlux sites: The variable roles of
           climate, vegetation, and groundwater},
  journal = {Water Resources Research},
  volume = {47},
  number = {10},
  year = {2011},
  doi = {10.1029/2010WR009797}
}

Critical Perspective

@article{knapp2024mind,
  author = {Knapp, J.L.A. and Musolff, A.},
  title = {Mind the gap: A critical perspective on concentration-discharge
           relationships},
  journal = {Hydrological Processes},
  year = {2024},
  doi = {10.1002/hyp.15328}
}

Example Publication Text

Methods Section

“Hysteresis analysis was performed using HyGCS v0.5 (Jackisch and Sanchez, 2025), which implements the HARP (Roberts et al., 2023), Zuecco (Zuecco et al., 2016), and Lloyd/Lawler (Lloyd et al., 2016) methods. Geochemical phase classification followed the hierarchical rule-based approach integrating window-scale hysteresis, C-Q slopes, and CVc/CVq ratios (Musolff et al., 2015).”

Results Section

“Hysteresis analysis using multiple methods (HARP, Zuecco, Lloyd/Lawler) revealed predominantly clockwise patterns (mean HInew = 0.42 ± 0.18), indicating flushing-dominated dynamics. The geochemical phase classification (HyGCS v0.5) identified distinct temporal patterns with 35% flushing (F), 28% chemostatic (C), and 22% recession (R) phases across the monitoring period.”

Acknowledgments Section

“We acknowledge the use of HyGCS (Hydro-Geochemical Classification Suite) developed by Conrad Jackisch and Anita Sanchez at TU Bergakademie Freiberg.”

Data Availability Statement

Example text for data availability sections:

“Hysteresis analysis was performed using HyGCS v0.5, available at https://github.com/cojacoo/HyGCS under CC-BY 4.0 license.”

Acknowledgments

HyGCS builds upon and extends methods from:

HARP R package by Melanie Roberts: https://github.com/MelanieEmmajade/HARP
Hysteresis-Index-Zuecco by Florian Jehn: https://github.com/florianjehn/Hysteresis-Index-Zuecco

Development was supported by the mine drainage monitoring network at TU Bergakademie Freiberg.